Bianchi-Pinkall Flat Torus
Bianchi-Pinkall Flat Torus is a surface, of zero Gaussian curvature, given by a parametrisation, genus 1, embedded.
Open Bianchi-Pinkall Flat Torus in the interactive viewer →
aperiodic closed closed-orientable def-parametric embedded flat implemented misc tradition-classical
Formula
Properties
- Family
- misc
- Given by
- a parametrisation
- Curvature
- zero Gaussian curvature
- Periodicity
- not periodic
- Genus
- 1
- Ends
- 0
- Embedding
- embedded
- Orientable
- yes
- Fidelity
- exact
- Exactness
- elementary
Definition
the 3D-XplorMath Bianchi-Pinkall profile at the operator defaults: alpha(u) = pi/4 + (17.5 deg) sin 3u, colatitude beta = 2 alpha, lifted along the Hopf fibres and stereographically projected. Flat in the induced metric because Hopf tori over curves of constant enclosed area are; same builder normalisation (and fit) as hopf-torus
Sources
Chart reproduced numerically against the shipped implementation: fwd max 0.52 of tol, 0.0% of oracle beyond tol (tol floor 2.5 x 0.007408).
- U. Pinkall, 'Hopf tori in S^3', Invent. Math. 81 (1985).